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View Resource Informe sobre la seguridad social en América 2007: Globalización y protección social

Las temáticas para la elaboración de este Informe fueron aprobados por el Comité Permanente Inter-Americano de Seguridad Social durante su Asamblea General XXI en Mar del Plata, Argentina: Globalización y Seguridad Social. Parte del material es descriptivo y tiene por objetivo colocar los temas en perspectiva y ponderar su importancia. En esta categoría deben incluirse las clasificaciones de...

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View Resource Family health expanditure and demand: an analysis based on the consumer expenditure survey - POF - 2002/2003

This paper aims at analyzing healthcare expenditure and demand of families, by estimating income-elasticity and price-elasticity for ten groups of products using the so-called model Linear Almost Ideal Demand System (LAIDS). The 2002/03 consumer expenditure surveys (POF) of the Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – FIBGE (Brazilian census bureau) are used, providing extremely...

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View Resource Review of International migration, remitances, and the brain drain, edited by Çaglar Özden y Maurice Schiff

As the volume title suggests, three of the studies deal with the effects of remittances on incomes and measures of well-being, four address various aspects of highly skilled migration, while the remaining paper examines the determinants of migration from rural Mexico to the US. Each of these is certainly topical: the rise in reported global remittance flows has been a major spur to the recent...

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View Resource The effects of migration on sending countries: a comparison of Mexico and Turkey

International migrants are persons who cross national borders and remain outside their countries of birth or citizenship for 12 months or more, regardless of the reason for being abroad or legal status while abroad. According to UN estimates, the number of international migrants was 191 million in 2005, and half were in the labor force of the destination country. International labor migration...

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View Resource Workers' remittances and currency crises

We seek to further understand the factors that determine per emigrant remittances using data from 23 Latin American and Caribbean countries over the 1980-2003 period. We find that emigrants avoid remitting when the exchange rate is under pressure. This finding is consistent with the notion that remitters strive to reduce their exposure to exchange rate losses by taking into account the expected...

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View Resource The time pattern of remittances: evidence from mexican migrants

We explore the time pattern of remittances using data on return migrants from the Mexican Migration Project. Some of these return migrants have settled in the U.S. and are returning to Mexico to visit family and friends, whereas others are temporary migrants returning home after a working spell in the U.S. We find that the dollar amount remitted first increases with time spent in the U.S. to...

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View Resource Is international migration a substitute for social security

The focus on short-term macroeconomic factors, including unemployment and wages, is insufficient to explain international migration. Institutional factors, bound to change only in the long run, can potentially have a large impact on migration flows. To illustrate this, we analyze Mexico-U.S. migration focusing on social security coverage, an important indicator of job formality. Using...

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View Resource The effect of migration on the labor market outcomes of the sender household: a longitudinal approach using data from Nicaragua

In this paper, I use longitudinal data from the 1998 and 2001 Living Standard Measurement Surveys in Nicaragua to examine the impact of the emigration of household members on the household labor market integration and poverty. The main findings of the paper are that households from which an emigrant left had a reduction in members, a reduction in working members, a reduction in labor income than...

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View Resource Introduction (about an international conference on "The effects of migration on sending countries")

The Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) and Universidad Iberoamericana (UIA) co-hosted an international conference on “The Effects of Migration on Sending Countries” in February of 2006. The major objective of the conference was to examine a variety of channels through which migration affects the sending countries. Migrants change the dynamic of sending households; alter labor...

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View Resource The Americas Social Security Report 2006 The challenges of aging and disability: employment and insurance, and international social security agreements (book review)

The 2006 Issue of the Report on Social Security in the Americas is divided in four chapters. The first two chapters address older-adult issues, the third chapter deals with disability-related problems, and the fourth chapter discusses Social Security agreements in the Americas. In the Presentation, it was pointed out that the objective of the Report on Social Security in the Americas is to become...

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View Resource Unemployment insurance in Chile: a new model of income support for unemployed workers

This paper describes the Chilean experience concerning the implementation of a new unemployment insurance (UI) program. The use of individual savings accounts and private management are essential elements. In addition, a redistributive fund (Common Fund) helps workers pool risks, distributing resources from employed to unemployed workers and from stable firms to workers with low incomes and...

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View Resource Health sector reform in Latin America and the Caribbean: the role of international organisations in formulating agendas and implementing policies

This article examines health sector reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean to discuss the ideological, theoretical, and conceptual elements that inform the reform agenda and the models put forward for attaining greater equity in the region’s countries. Its starting assumption is that the relevant literature generally neglects the economic, social, and political aspects underlying the...

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View Resource Health policies and economic blocks

This paper analyzes the roles of health goods and services markets within the regional integration process. It is a known fact that the consolidation of integrated markets is slower regarding social goods and services (as health and education) than among other goods and services (e.g. durable consumption goods). The paper discusses the nature of the health sector and its global dimension, showing...

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View Resource Democracy and universality: debating the conditions of applying such concepts to Brazil's public health actions and services

This paper reviews the determinants and conditionalities of the process of universalizing public health in developed countries, notably the European ones, and in Brazil, and is aimed at highlighting their differences. The first part discloses the main interpretations on the constructing of the Welfare State, emphasizing the characteristics of that historical moment and its articulation with...

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View Resource Catastrophic expenditure in health and income elasticities by item of expenditure in health services in Mexico

The objective of this article is to put in economic perspective the expenditure in health within the pattern of family expenditure of the Mexican households. Information of the National Survey on Income Expenditure of Households (ENIGH) of Mexico of 2004 is analyzed on: structure of the expenditure of the households, expenditure in health and income-expenditure elasticities in health; by...

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View Resource Incomplete health reforms in Latin America: some findings on their political economy

This paper raises the point that only few health reforms implemented in Latin American countries modified the existing health systems in order to fix the problems brought by the institutional fragmentation typical of this sector. A great part of these reforms did not implemented the necessary measures to improve coordination among health systems in the prevailing pluralistic model and besides,...

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View Resource Las reformas incompletas de salud en América Latina: algunos elementos de su economía política

Este trabajo parte del principio de que solamente algunas de las reformas de salud implementadas en los países de América Latina cambiaron los sistemas de salud al punto de estructurar la fragmentación institucional que caracteriza el sector. Buena parte de ellas no contó con elementos que pudiesen reducir la falta de coordinación entre los sistemas de salud en el modelo de pluralismo vigente y,...

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View Resource Reseña del libro Migración internacional, remesas y fuga de cerebros, editado por Çaglar Özden y Maurice Schiff

Como el título del volumen sugiere, tres de los estudios analizan los efectos de las remesas en los ingresos y en las medidas de bienestar; cuatro abarcan varios aspectos de la migración altamente calificada; y el artículo restante examina los determinantes de la migración del México rural a los Estados Unidos. Cada uno de éstos ciertamente se refiere a un tópico: el aumento en los flujos de las...

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View Resource Efectos de la migración en los países expulsores: comparación de México con Turquía

Emigrantes internacionales son aquellas personas que atraviesan las fronteras nacionales y permanecen fuera de su país natal o del cual son ciudadanos, por 12 meses o más, independientemente del motivo que tengan para estar en el extranjero o de su situación legal mientras se encuentran en el extranjero. Según las estimaciones de la ONU, el número de emigrantes internacionales ascendió a 191...

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View Resource Las remesas de los trabajadores y las crisis de divisas

Buscamos entender mejor los factores que determinan las remesas enviadas por emigrante utilizando información de 23 países latinoamericanos y caribeños por el período 1980-2003. Encontramos que los emigrantes se abstienen de enviar remesas cuando hay presiones en el tipo de cambio. Este descubrimiento es consistente con la opinión de que quienes envían remesas buscan reducir su exposición a...

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