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Palabras del Dr. Luis José Martínez Villalba, director del Centro Interamericano de Estudios de Seguridad Social
Discurso del director del CIESS, con motivo al Cuadragésimo aniversario del Centro.
Speech by Director of CIESS, during the Fortieth anniversary of the Centre.
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The Americas Social Security Report 2006 The challenges of aging and disability: employment and insurance, and international social security agreements (book review)
The 2006 Issue of the Report on Social Security in the Americas is divided in four chapters. The first two chapters address older-adult issues, the third chapter deals with disability-related problems, and the fourth chapter discusses Social Security agreements in the Americas. In the Presentation, it was pointed out that the objective of the Report on Social Security in the Americas is to become...
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Migración laboral: retos y oportunidades para la protección social
La migración internacional se ha establecido como un fenómeno normal en las sociedades contemporáneas, pero se mantiene una gran deficiencia en la cobertura de la seguridad social hacia los migrantes internacionales. Las cifras de flujos anuales de migración se han estabilizado después de la disminución que ocurrió a partir de la recesión económica de 2007-2009, y hay un acervo grande de familias...
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Seguridad social en América Latina: evolución, reformas recientes y perspectivas
El presente documento brinda un análisis general de los modelos de aseguramiento social en sentido amplio y, posteriormente, se concentra específicamente en los sistemas de aseguramiento social en salud. Discute la relación entre resultados de cobertura, niveles de gasto, riqueza y distribución, la organización de los sistemas sanitarios y de pensiones, y el desarrollo de mecanismos no...
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Principios especificos da administracao da Seguridade Social
Generos de atividades que há cem anos atrás exigiam dos exentares apenas urna dose suficiente de bom-senso, requerem hoje de seus manipuladores un nivel de conhecimentos bem mais alto, como tambem qualidades pesante mais apuradas, de molde a propiciar-lhes concicoes de produzirem trabalho de alta qualidade.
Porém, nao sé qualidade reclama o mundo hodierno; ele pede tambem quantidade. As nacoes...
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Análisis sobre la política pública en México para personas adultas mayores desde el enfoque de los derechos humanos
Este artículo es un resumen de una investigación mucho más amplia realizada en torno a las políticas públicas para personas mayores en México, a través de un análisis sobre su contenido de derechos humanos y la efectividad que éstas tienen para con la población objetivo, titulada Análisis sobre la política pública en México para personas adultas mayores desde el enfoque de los derechos humanos, y...
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Evaluación de impacto de la Asignación Universal por Hijo
El documento detalla los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de impacto de la Asignación Universal por Hijo (auh) luego de cuatro años de su implementación en la Argentina. Esta política implicó extender el sistema de asignaciones familiares preexistente –limitado a los hijos de los trabajadores registrados en la seguridad social– a los hogares encabezados por desocupados y trabajadores...
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Evoluçao de Previdéncia Social na Administraçáo Brasileira
Foi sómente em 1923 que a previdéncia social se implantou, de fato, entre nós, como a promulgagáo, no inicio do govérno do presidente Artur Bernardes, da Lei no. 4.682, de 24 janeiro de 1923, também chamada "Lei Ely Chaves". nome devido ao Deputado paulista que apresentou o respectivo Projeto e por éle se baten até final, apoiado por diversos líderes trahalhistas, que entáo o faziam com grandes...
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Relationship between social capital and health indicators in Mexico
This study analyzes the relationship between social capital types and access to health services in Mexico. To this end, access to healthcare data from the 2006 ENCASU and 2011 ENCAS was validated using 2006 and 2012 ENSANU results. Indicators were found to be consistent. A statistical analysis of the distribution of social capital and health indicators by region, as well as by rural or urban area...
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A quantitative analysis of social capital in Mexico
Se ha relacionado el capital social a la eficiencia en los mercados (Arrow, 1972), al refuerzo del contrato (Durlauf y Fafchamps, 2004) y en general al desarrollo y bienestar (Keefer y Knack 1997; Putnam 2000; Knack y Zak 2003). En el presente trabajo hemos investigado los determinantes del capital social empíricamente, centrándose en tres medidas comunes aproximadas de este: dos ligadas a la...
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Social security pensions and retirement decisions in Mexico
Using Mexican cohort data for 1991-2000 this article examines the relationship between retirement decisions —the transition from work to labor market inactivity— and social security (contributive) pensions in less developed countries. The available large time series also makes possible to examine how a financial crisis that took place in 1995 has affected retirement incentives. In most Latin...
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Book review. Beyond survival. Protecting households from health shocks in Latina America, by Baeza, Cristian C., y Truman G. Packard
The book by Cristian Baeza and Truman Packard is based on the next hypothesis: adverse health events reduce the consumption of goods and services different from health services, and many households become poor because of that. While the authors recognize that the evidence they present on the topic is limited, they propose the use of a “universal risk pool” as a way to eliminate the problem of...
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Financing universal enrollment to social health insurance: lessons learned from Colombia
The paper discusses the financing of the health care reform implemented in Colombia since the early nineties and explains the obstacles faced on the way to universal enrollment to social health insurance. The paper describes the reform and the sources created for its financing. It presents the observed trends in the financing of the insurance schemes created by the reform, identifies the...
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Retirement incentives: pension wealth, accrual and implicit tax
This paper estimates social security financial incentives for early retirement using contemporary techniques developed in economics, and compares these estimates to those estimated for developed countries. I find that implicit tax on continued work increases with age and amounts to over one-third of an individual potential earnings at age sixty-five. The pension replacement rate shows the degree...
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Introduction (about an international conference on "The effects of migration on sending countries")
The Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) and Universidad Iberoamericana (UIA) co-hosted an international conference on “The Effects of Migration on Sending Countries” in February of 2006. The major objective of the conference was to examine a variety of channels through which migration affects the sending countries. Migrants change the dynamic of sending households; alter labor...
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The political economy of social security reforms in the Americas
This paper analyses the factors affecting the decision to apply a reform (parametric and structural) in the Americas, which may hold a specific set of conditions, i.e. a sui generis political system and a high degree of economic openness, among others. Economic freedom is relevant in the case of structural reforms, while results for the share of older population are not conclusive. It may be that...
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Integración y sistemas de seguridad social
En nuestros días, es necesario estudiar la seguridad social en el contexto de la evolución de las relaciones económicas internacionales, a través del análisis del proceso de globalización de la economía mundial.
La integración se ha impuesto como uno de los rasgos característicos de la economía a principio de siglo. Su importancia se fundamenta en dos aspectos:
Su impacto en el funcionamiento...
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Provisional and welfare inclusion in Brazil (1988-2005): scope and limits
This paper analyses the influence of new rights derived from the Social Security System in Brazil after the Federal Constitution (1988). At least, three different and independent forces determinate the arrangements in social security policies: 1) the new social rights created by constitutional rules in response to social pressure; 2) the decrease of employment and wages in salaried jobs imposed...
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Social security and inequality in Mexico: from polarization to universality
The article documents the failure of social security in Mexico as an instrument of social protection and evaluates possible reform strategies. It analyses the truncated coverage of these systems for the most vulnerable, the regressive incidence and horizontal inequities of public social security subsidies, and the consequences for old-age poverty and inequalities in basic health opportunities. It...
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Relación del capital social e indicadores de salud en México
Este trabajo analiza la relación entre los tipos de capital social y el acceso a servicios de salud en México. Para ello, se valida la información de acceso a salud de la ENCASU 2006 y ENCAS 2011 con la información de la ENSANUT 2006 y 2012, encontrando consistencia en los indicadores. Se realiza un análisis estadístico de la distribución del capital social y de los indicadores de salud, por...
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