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El impacto de género de la reforma a la seguridad social en América
Las reformas recientes hechas a los sistemas multi-pilar estrechan el vínculo entre las contribuciones salariales y los beneficios, conduciendo a que los críticos arguyan que éstas reformas perjudicarán a las mujeres, quienes tienen un empleo menos continuo y ganan menores salarios que los hombres. Sin embargo, estas reformas también eliminan distorsiones y enfocan las redistribuciones hacia los...
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Book review. New structural economics de Justin Yifu Lin
The international financial crisis of 2008-2009, its impact on economic activity and contrasting I responses to face it have given new impetus to the debate Between academics, international organization representatives and public officers on the scope for public policies to reduce the adverse impact of externa) shocks and trigger sustainable long-term growth in production and employment. The...
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The effect of migration on the labor market outcomes of the sender household: a longitudinal approach using data from Nicaragua
In this paper, I use longitudinal data from the 1998 and 2001 Living Standard Measurement Surveys in Nicaragua to examine the impact of the emigration of household members on the household labor market integration and poverty. The main findings of the paper are that households from which an emigrant left had a reduction in members, a reduction in working members, a reduction in labor income than...
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Is international migration a substitute for social security
The focus on short-term macroeconomic factors, including unemployment and wages, is insufficient to explain international migration. Institutional factors, bound to change only in the long run, can potentially have a large impact on migration flows. To illustrate this, we analyze Mexico-U.S. migration focusing on social security coverage, an important indicator of job formality. Using...
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Impact on earning, employment prospects and timing out of unemployment of mexican programs targeted at unemployed individuals: challenges
his paper presents estimates of the impact of programs for unemployed workers on the performance of program beneficiaries in Mexico. We emphasize the significance of applying methodologies capable of avoiding statistical bias attributable to unobserved variables when measuring the impact on earnings and allowing to us properly estimate unemployment duration and work status after exiting from...
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Introduction (On the studies presented at the International Conference on "Delinquency and Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean")
Crime has become the leading concern for citizens of the region and has been pushed to the forefront of the international policy agenda; what is more, the combination of very few success stories and abundant failures in curbing crime and violence has underscored how thin our understanding is and the difficulty of designing and implementing an effective strategy at the local level. This issue...
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Promised and actual benefits in mexican social security fot rhe transtion generation
Este artículo presenta un conjunto de mediciones de los costos y beneficios reales del plan general de retiro por jubilación proporcionado a los ciudadanos por parte del Sistema Mexicano de Pensiones (SMP), que son necesarias para evaluar las decisiones de los trabajadores en cuanto a la contribución a la seguridad social (es decir, trabajar en el sector formal) y al retiro. El SMP ofrece dos...
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Employability and productivity among older workers: a policy frameworks and evidence from Latin America
As Latin American and the Caribbean countries face rapid aging transitions, the economic contribution of older workers would need to be strengthened. This paper uses household data from Brazil and Mexico to characterize labor market behavior of older workers, such as participation, sector and type of employment, and productivity, to identify critical areas for policy intervention. The paper also...
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Book review. Empleo, trabajo y desigualdades en salud: una visión global. Joan Benach, Charles Muntaner, Orielle Solar, Vilma Santana y Michael Quinlan
This is a stimulating book which explores the relationship between employment conditions and health outcomes. The authors provide a conceptual framework to illustrate the channels through which health outcomes are determined and affected; this framework includes individual and aggregate variables, such as the economic, political and environmental conditions. The book also includes case studies...
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MSMES in Costa Rica: Chronicle of their poor integration in times of accelerated international integration
El presente documento, está centrado en las Mipyme y en las políticas públicas para su fomento en la economía costarricense. El análisis, se hace a partir de un enfoque alternativo de clasificación de las actividades económicas, el cual permite precisar con mayor detalle las desigualdades entre las actividades tradicionales de amplia trayectoria en la economía, de aquellas actividades que han...
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Introduction (On the issue of social capital that is addressed in this issue of the journal)
In recent decades, interest has increased in identifying, estimating and linking social capital to a variety of well-being variables in which the production of certain benefits or performance is key. Research has involved the confluence of several disciplines: economics, sociology, anthropology and psychology, to name a few. Although consensus on the definition of a single indicator for measuring...
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The Americas Social Security Report 2005: labor markets and the fragmentation of social insurance, financing for HIV-AIDS by social security (Book review)
The Americas Social Security Report 2005, published by the CISS, gathers the contributions, opinions, and comments of more than 30 social security specialists from different countries in the American continent, as well as the review of the most recent literature on this matter. The purpose is to present, to specialized public and to laymen, a detailed, analytic, and updated report of the...
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Social capital in labor market access and poverty in Mexico
Social capital, defined as the set of social networks that a person has in order to obtain benefits, is used by the population as a mechanism for providing resources, to cushion shocks in consumption and to obtain information on available employment opportunities. This study employs a logistic model to characterize the manner in which people access the labor market in Mexico through the use of...
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The effect of the perception of violence on social capital in Mexico
Increasing levels of violence in Mexico, which have the potential to damage the very fabric of 1 society, as well as impact key economic variables, led us to analyze the effect that changes in the perception of violence had on social capital fluctuations (including associative capital) between 2006 and 2011. This was a period in which an anti-violence and anti-organized crime policy was launched...
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Eventos de seguridad social. Cuarenta y seis Reunión de la Conferencia Internacional del Trabajo
Nota informativa sobre la Cuarenta y seis Reunión de la Conferencia Internacional del Trabajo, celebradas del del 22 al 28 de junio de 1962. En la que se presentaron las Resoluciones logradas:
Resolución sobre las actividades de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo en materia de educación obrera;
Resolución sobre el desarrollo de las actividades de la Organización Internacional del...
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Efectos redistributivos del Programa Nacional de Financiamiento al Microempresario y a la Mujer Rural en México Un estudio con enfoque de género
Se cuantifican los efectos del Programa Nacional de Financiamiento al Microempresarioy a la Mujer Rural (Pronafim) en la generación y redistribución del ingreso en México con perspectiva de género. Para ello, se formula el modelo de multiplicadores contables que recoge endógenamente las relaciones ingreso-gasto entre: 31 sectores económicos; dos tipos de hogares, los encabezados por hombres y...
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La OIT y la seguridad social desde el punto de vista de los empleadores
Este texto forma parte del una serie de artículos publicados en la Revista Internacional de Seguridad Social de la AISS en la que se rinde homenaje a la obra notable lograda por la OIT, en el transcurso de sus 50 primeros años.
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La Organización Internacional del Trabajo y la Seguridad Social
El presente texto concluye que el desarrollo de la seguridad social en todos sus aspectos ha causado, después de medio siglo, una transformación profunda en la condición humana, en las condiciones materiales de la existencia, y también en las condiciones psicológicas y morales. Que además lo ha logrado por medio de la seguridad del futuro, mayores oportunidades y las perspectivas nuevas que se...
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La OIT y la seguridad social: El desafío de la cooperación técnica
El presente texto aborda sobre las actividades y prácticas de cooperación técnica que la Organización se ha esforzado, en el transcurso de los años, en llevar a los Estados Miembros, notablemente a los países en desarrollo, lo que ha permitido asegurar una ayuda concreta y directa, con vista de estimularles y de orientarles en la dirección que han de tomar los regímenes de la seguridad social....
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Convenios sobre seguridad social y función de establecimiento de normas de la OIT
En el presente texto se hace énfasis sobre el valor de la función normativa de la OIT a la que, comúnmente, no se le aprecia en toda su significación si no se valoran, en su base, las dificultades iniciales con las que tuvo que luchar y la complejidad de intereses contrapuestos que ha tenido que armonizar para obtener el actual balance de sus espléndidas realizaciones.
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