In this paper, I use longitudinal data from the 1998 and 2001 Living Standard Measurement Surveys in Nicaragua to examine the impact of the emigration of household members on the household labor market integration and poverty. The main findings of the paper are that households from which an emigrant left had a reduction in members, a reduction in working members, a reduction in labor income than...

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The focus on short-term macroeconomic factors, including unemployment and wages, is insufficient to explain international migration. Institutional factors, bound to change only in the long run, can potentially have a large impact on migration flows. To illustrate this, we analyze Mexico-U.S. migration focusing on social security coverage, an important indicator of job formality. Using...

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The Mexican social security system, after operating for over six decades, has managed to provide healthcare for slightly over half the resident population. There are wide geographical and socioeconomic variations in coverage. To provide wider coverage, the Federal Government created the Sistema de Protección Social en Salud (SPSS) for covering low income family. It becomes the third...

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Crime has become the leading concern for citizens of the region and has been pushed to the forefront of the international policy agenda; what is more, the combination of very few success stories and abundant failures in curbing crime and violence has underscored how thin our understanding is and the difficulty of designing and implementing an effective strategy at the local level. This issue...

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Este trabajo ofrece un modelo para determinar la función de oferta del crimen con base en la teoría de la elección en condiciones de incertidumbre. Con base en el problema de un agente que maximiza su utilidad sujeto a las restricciones del mercado legal e ilegal, este estudio intenta explicar la oferta de la delincuencia como función de la distribución de los salarios y el equivalente cierto de...

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This study estimates a panel data model to analyze the economic and socio-demographic determinants of crime in Uruguay across the 19 Uruguayan departments in the period 1986-2006. This research has two components: i) to present a systematic analysis of the Uruguayan crime data and socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the population, and ii) to evaluate the empirical significance...

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Este artículo presenta un conjunto de mediciones de los costos y beneficios reales del plan general de retiro por jubilación proporcionado a los ciudadanos por parte del Sistema Mexicano de Pensiones (SMP), que son necesarias para evaluar las decisiones de los trabajadores en cuanto a la contribución a la seguridad social (es decir, trabajar en el sector formal) y al retiro. El SMP ofrece dos...

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The Economics of Crime: Lessons for and from Latin America makes an important contribution to the study of crime and violence in Latin America and to the debate about what works for reducing crime (and at what cost?). As the title of the book correctly suggests, the book brings together contributions from Latin American economists on the determinants and consequences of crime, as well as...

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Why societies differ in their level of violence? This is the question addressed by North, Wallis, and Weingast. To provide an answer they must develop a rich theory of how individuals and organizations that compose a human group voluntarily surrender their will to act violently in exchange for participating in a society with improved conditions for the creation and conservation of wealth.

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Alrededor del mundo se observan dos versiones de la organización de los seguros de salud; la seguridad social basada en el empleo, y los servicios nacionales de salud. En Latinoamérica regularmente se usa la primera, pero se está lejos de lograr la cobertura universal. En los Países Bajos encontramos una peculiar mezcla de obligaciones públicas y responsabilidades privadas. La cobertura universal...

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The document presents spending projections and projections of the distributive incidence for an Integrated Health System under three basic scenarios: status quo, a two pillar scheme (financed through general taxes and private spending) and a three pillar scheme (financed through general taxes, social security contributions and private spending). By presenting these simulations, the study enhances...

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This study uses Mexico's 2008 National Household Survey of Income and Expenditure to I construct an easy-to-use scorecard that estimates the likelihood that a household has income below a given poverty line. The scorecard uses ten simple indicators that field workers can quickly collect and verify. Poverty scores can be computed on paper in the field in about five to ten minutes. The scorecard's...

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The document that was presented by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2011 sets forth a series of proposals to encourage member countries to achieve universal health coverage. These proposals are presented in detail and are based both on world statistics and case studies.

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This research assessed the effects of several contextual factors (e.g, neighborhood insecurity, evaluation of public spaces, infrastructure, low risk behaviors) on social cohesion and residential satisfaction, in the context of low and medium-low socio economic status of individuals nearby renovated public spaces (parks and recreational facilities) in Mexico. The research method is based on...

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