|
Limitar tu búsqueda
[+–] Editorial
[+–] Fecha
[+–] Formato
[+–] Idioma
[+–] Tipo de documento
[+–] Tipo de recurso
[+–] Classification
|
|
|
The effects of migration on sending countries: a comparison of Mexico and Turkey
International migrants are persons who cross national borders and remain outside their countries of birth or citizenship for 12 months or more, regardless of the reason for being abroad or legal status while abroad. According to UN estimates, the number of international migrants was 191 million in 2005, and half were in the labor force of the destination country. International labor migration...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing universal enrollment to social health insurance: lessons learned from Colombia
The paper discusses the financing of the health care reform implemented in Colombia since the early nineties and explains the obstacles faced on the way to universal enrollment to social health insurance. The paper describes the reform and the sources created for its financing. It presents the observed trends in the financing of the insurance schemes created by the reform, identifies the...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Family health expanditure and demand: an analysis based on the consumer expenditure survey - POF - 2002/2003
This paper aims at analyzing healthcare expenditure and demand of families, by estimating income-elasticity and price-elasticity for ten groups of products using the so-called model Linear Almost Ideal Demand System (LAIDS). The 2002/03 consumer expenditure surveys (POF) of the Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – FIBGE (Brazilian census bureau) are used, providing extremely...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seguro social de salud
El gobierno de México definió entre los años noventa y los dos mil principios de reforma a los seguros de salud e intentó implementarlos. Las principales iniciativas aprobadas definieron esquemas voluntarios, en un caso basado en aseguradoras privadas (que tienen muy baja penetración), y en otro, en una nueva instancia pública que funciona como mecanismo de distribución del gasto federal hacia...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restrictions, problems and dilemmas of social provision in Latin America: facing challenges from aging and income inequality
This paper discusses the main restrictions, problems and dilemmas that social provision faces in Latin America in a context of demographic changes and low achievements in the economic performance, particularly in the labor market. It is proposed the need to adapt the general social provision matrix as function of priorities and restrictions set by financing access. Due to the limited labor...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Social security and inequality in Mexico: from polarization to universality
The article documents the failure of social security in Mexico as an instrument of social protection and evaluates possible reform strategies. It analyses the truncated coverage of these systems for the most vulnerable, the regressive incidence and horizontal inequities of public social security subsidies, and the consequences for old-age poverty and inequalities in basic health opportunities. It...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provisional and welfare inclusion in Brazil (1988-2005): scope and limits
This paper analyses the influence of new rights derived from the Social Security System in Brazil after the Federal Constitution (1988). At least, three different and independent forces determinate the arrangements in social security policies: 1) the new social rights created by constitutional rules in response to social pressure; 2) the decrease of employment and wages in salaried jobs imposed...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The political economy of social security reforms in the Americas
This paper analyses the factors affecting the decision to apply a reform (parametric and structural) in the Americas, which may hold a specific set of conditions, i.e. a sui generis political system and a high degree of economic openness, among others. Economic freedom is relevant in the case of structural reforms, while results for the share of older population are not conclusive. It may be that...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Americas Social Security Report 2005: labor markets and the fragmentation of social insurance, financing for HIV-AIDS by social security (Book review)
The Americas Social Security Report 2005, published by the CISS, gathers the contributions, opinions, and comments of more than 30 social security specialists from different countries in the American continent, as well as the review of the most recent literature on this matter. The purpose is to present, to specialized public and to laymen, a detailed, analytic, and updated report of the...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incomplete health reforms in Latin America: some findings on their political economy
This paper raises the point that only few health reforms implemented in Latin American countries modified the existing health systems in order to fix the problems brought by the institutional fragmentation typical of this sector. A great part of these reforms did not implemented the necessary measures to improve coordination among health systems in the prevailing pluralistic model and besides,...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Catastrophic expenditure in health and income elasticities by item of expenditure in health services in Mexico
The objective of this article is to put in economic perspective the expenditure in health within the pattern of family expenditure of the Mexican households. Information of the National Survey on Income Expenditure of Households (ENIGH) of Mexico of 2004 is analyzed on: structure of the expenditure of the households, expenditure in health and income-expenditure elasticities in health; by...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Workers' remittances and currency crises
We seek to further understand the factors that determine per emigrant remittances using data from 23 Latin American and Caribbean countries over the 1980-2003 period. We find that emigrants avoid remitting when the exchange rate is under pressure. This finding is consistent with the notion that remitters strive to reduce their exposure to exchange rate losses by taking into account the expected...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Democracy and universality: debating the conditions of applying such concepts to Brazil's public health actions and services
This paper reviews the determinants and conditionalities of the process of universalizing public health in developed countries, notably the European ones, and in Brazil, and is aimed at highlighting their differences. The first part discloses the main interpretations on the constructing of the Welfare State, emphasizing the characteristics of that historical moment and its articulation with...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Health sector reform in Latin America and the Caribbean: the role of international organisations in formulating agendas and implementing policies
This article examines health sector reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean to discuss the ideological, theoretical, and conceptual elements that inform the reform agenda and the models put forward for attaining greater equity in the region’s countries. Its starting assumption is that the relevant literature generally neglects the economic, social, and political aspects underlying the...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unemployment insurance in Chile: a new model of income support for unemployed workers
This paper describes the Chilean experience concerning the implementation of a new unemployment insurance (UI) program. The use of individual savings accounts and private management are essential elements. In addition, a redistributive fund (Common Fund) helps workers pool risks, distributing resources from employed to unemployed workers and from stable firms to workers with low incomes and...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Americas Social Security Report 2006 The challenges of aging and disability: employment and insurance, and international social security agreements (book review)
The 2006 Issue of the Report on Social Security in the Americas is divided in four chapters. The first two chapters address older-adult issues, the third chapter deals with disability-related problems, and the fourth chapter discusses Social Security agreements in the Americas. In the Presentation, it was pointed out that the objective of the Report on Social Security in the Americas is to become...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Introduction (about an international conference on "The effects of migration on sending countries")
The Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) and Universidad Iberoamericana (UIA) co-hosted an international conference on “The Effects of Migration on Sending Countries” in February of 2006. The major objective of the conference was to examine a variety of channels through which migration affects the sending countries. Migrants change the dynamic of sending households; alter labor...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The effect of migration on the labor market outcomes of the sender household: a longitudinal approach using data from Nicaragua
In this paper, I use longitudinal data from the 1998 and 2001 Living Standard Measurement Surveys in Nicaragua to examine the impact of the emigration of household members on the household labor market integration and poverty. The main findings of the paper are that households from which an emigrant left had a reduction in members, a reduction in working members, a reduction in labor income than...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Is international migration a substitute for social security
The focus on short-term macroeconomic factors, including unemployment and wages, is insufficient to explain international migration. Institutional factors, bound to change only in the long run, can potentially have a large impact on migration flows. To illustrate this, we analyze Mexico-U.S. migration focusing on social security coverage, an important indicator of job formality. Using...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The time pattern of remittances: evidence from mexican migrants
We explore the time pattern of remittances using data on return migrants from the Mexican Migration Project. Some of these return migrants have settled in the U.S. and are returning to Mexico to visit family and friends, whereas others are temporary migrants returning home after a working spell in the U.S. We find that the dollar amount remitted first increases with time spent in the U.S. to...
|
|
|
|
|
|
