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Sinopsis de los sistemas de seguridad social en el Caribe Anglo
Esta publicación plantea una síntesis actualizada de la situación de los seguros sociales en la región del Caribe Anglo bajo la mirada actuarial, a partir del análisis de las relaciones existentes entre pensiones, mercado laboral, demografía, equilibrio macro-económico y crisis económica. El resultado es una cartografía del contexto socioeconómico-demográfico del Caribe y de sus instituciones de...
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PANES: targeting and impact
This research paper intends to quantifit targeting performance in terms of the efficiency of the 1 National Plan for Social Emergency Assistance (PANES) implemented in Uruguay between 2005 and 2007 and determine its impact on relevant issues such as school attendance, child labor and the labor market. For this analysis , we used 2006 and 2007 Continual Household Survey (ECH) data.
Our outcomes...
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Efectos redistributivos del Programa Nacional de Financiamiento al Microempresario y a la Mujer Rural en México Un estudio con enfoque de género
Se cuantifican los efectos del Programa Nacional de Financiamiento al Microempresarioy a la Mujer Rural (Pronafim) en la generación y redistribución del ingreso en México con perspectiva de género. Para ello, se formula el modelo de multiplicadores contables que recoge endógenamente las relaciones ingreso-gasto entre: 31 sectores económicos; dos tipos de hogares, los encabezados por hombres y...
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Migración laboral: retos y oportunidades para la protección social
La migración internacional se ha establecido como un fenómeno normal en las sociedades contemporáneas, pero se mantiene una gran deficiencia en la cobertura de la seguridad social hacia los migrantes internacionales. Las cifras de flujos anuales de migración se han estabilizado después de la disminución que ocurrió a partir de la recesión económica de 2007-2009, y hay un acervo grande de familias...
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Seguridad social en América Latina: evolución, reformas recientes y perspectivas
El presente documento brinda un análisis general de los modelos de aseguramiento social en sentido amplio y, posteriormente, se concentra específicamente en los sistemas de aseguramiento social en salud. Discute la relación entre resultados de cobertura, niveles de gasto, riqueza y distribución, la organización de los sistemas sanitarios y de pensiones, y el desarrollo de mecanismos no...
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Análisis sobre la política pública en México para personas adultas mayores desde el enfoque de los derechos humanos
Este artículo es un resumen de una investigación mucho más amplia realizada en torno a las políticas públicas para personas mayores en México, a través de un análisis sobre su contenido de derechos humanos y la efectividad que éstas tienen para con la población objetivo, titulada Análisis sobre la política pública en México para personas adultas mayores desde el enfoque de los derechos humanos, y...
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Evaluación de impacto de la Asignación Universal por Hijo
El documento detalla los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de impacto de la Asignación Universal por Hijo (auh) luego de cuatro años de su implementación en la Argentina. Esta política implicó extender el sistema de asignaciones familiares preexistente –limitado a los hijos de los trabajadores registrados en la seguridad social– a los hogares encabezados por desocupados y trabajadores...
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Mujer y seguridad social en América
La importancia global del tema de la condición de la mujer y la urgente necesidad de eliminartodas las barreras que aún existen para su participación igualitaria, en el proceso social, económico, cultural y político de su país o su comunidad están fuera de toda discusión. Por ello, es innegable la validez de la existencia de los múltiples instrumentos internacionales en los que se ha reiterado el...
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Protecting vulnerable children from uninsured risks: adapting conditional cash transfer programs to provide broader safety nets
Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs have proved to be effective in inducing chronic poor households to invest in the human capital of their children while helping reduce poverty. They have also protected child human capital from the shocks that affect these households. In this paper, we argue that many non-poor households exposed to uninsured shocks have to use children as risk coping...
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Hurricane Mitch and consumption growth of nicaraguan agricultural households
There is little micro-evidence on the persistence of natural disasters' welfare impacts. This paper assesses the effect of Hurricane Mitch on consumption of Nicaraguan agricultura) households. Mitch occurred in October 1998. Pre-post data is obtained from a nationally representative panel collected in 1998 and 2001. An additional survey was fielded in 1999 for households from the panel affected...
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Book review. Informe de evaluación de la política de desarrollo social en México 2008, CONEVAL
The Evaluation Report on Social Development Policy in Mexico was published by the National Council for Social Development Policy Evaluation (CONEVAL) in 2008. The Council is one of the constituting elements of the new institutional framework to evaluate the public sector performance, particularly social development policies that were put in place mostly during the first decade of this century....
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Impact on earning, employment prospects and timing out of unemployment of mexican programs targeted at unemployed individuals: challenges
his paper presents estimates of the impact of programs for unemployed workers on the performance of program beneficiaries in Mexico. We emphasize the significance of applying methodologies capable of avoiding statistical bias attributable to unobserved variables when measuring the impact on earnings and allowing to us properly estimate unemployment duration and work status after exiting from...
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Toward closing the evaluation gap: lessons from three recent impact evaluations of social programs in Latin America and the Caribbean
Despite recent growing demand from funders and governments, rigorous impact evaluations in Latin America and the Caribbean remain the exception rather than the rule. Many commissioned impact evaluations are methodologically weak, and thus only marginally useful in assessing the impact of social interventions. Other impact evaluations feature strong research methodologies at their conception, but...
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Análisis del sistema previsional uruguayo y de las particularidades de su nuevo régimen mixto
En este estudio, se describen las disfuncionalidades, que en cierta
forma fueron el inicio del camino hacia la reforma previsional llevada a cabo en setiembre de 1995. Analizaremos asimismo las características básicas de tal reforma y sus efectos sobre las variables del sistema más significativas.
In this study, dysfunctionality, that somehow were the beginning of the road to pension reform...
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Unemployment insurance in Chile: a new model of income support for unemployed workers
This paper describes the Chilean experience concerning the implementation of a new unemployment insurance (UI) program. The use of individual savings accounts and private management are essential elements. In addition, a redistributive fund (Common Fund) helps workers pool risks, distributing resources from employed to unemployed workers and from stable firms to workers with low incomes and...
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The political economy of social security reforms in the Americas
This paper analyses the factors affecting the decision to apply a reform (parametric and structural) in the Americas, which may hold a specific set of conditions, i.e. a sui generis political system and a high degree of economic openness, among others. Economic freedom is relevant in the case of structural reforms, while results for the share of older population are not conclusive. It may be that...
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Provisional and welfare inclusion in Brazil (1988-2005): scope and limits
This paper analyses the influence of new rights derived from the Social Security System in Brazil after the Federal Constitution (1988). At least, three different and independent forces determinate the arrangements in social security policies: 1) the new social rights created by constitutional rules in response to social pressure; 2) the decrease of employment and wages in salaried jobs imposed...
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Social security and inequality in Mexico: from polarization to universality
The article documents the failure of social security in Mexico as an instrument of social protection and evaluates possible reform strategies. It analyses the truncated coverage of these systems for the most vulnerable, the regressive incidence and horizontal inequities of public social security subsidies, and the consequences for old-age poverty and inequalities in basic health opportunities. It...
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Restrictions, problems and dilemmas of social provision in Latin America: facing challenges from aging and income inequality
This paper discusses the main restrictions, problems and dilemmas that social provision faces in Latin America in a context of demographic changes and low achievements in the economic performance, particularly in the labor market. It is proposed the need to adapt the general social provision matrix as function of priorities and restrictions set by financing access. Due to the limited labor...
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The gender impact of social security reform in Latin America
Recent multi-pillar pension reforms tighten the link between payroll contributions and benefits, leading critics to argue that they will hurt women, who have less continuous employment and earn lower wages than men. However, these reforms also remove distortions and target redistributions to low earners, which help women. This paper tests these conflicting claims in the case of three Latin...
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