En este artículo se analiza la participación de los ingresos laborales en el ingreso total en los países de América Latina durante las últimas dos décadas. Primero se considera la participación de la masa de salarios en el producto interno bruto (PIB), para luego incorporar los ingresos laborales de los trabajadores independientes. Los resultados indican que tanto el peso de la masa salarial como...
Both economic and epidemiological literature have shown that perceived high strain at work and lack of social infrastructures are good predictors of sick-leave. The latter is particularly relevant in (Mediterranean) countries where facilities for children and LTC services are relatively scarce and women are frequently asked to fill the gap. The Italian 2011 pension reform, approved under the...
We propose a method for projecting pension benefits, deriving from DC pension plans and other funded products, at retirement. Projections highlight how the current choice of asset allocation impacts on future potential retirement outcomes. The latter are compared with a money-back benchmark so as to clarify the trade-off between risk and return. After the initial projections, the pension plan...
Between 2003 and 2009, Argentina’s social spending as a share of GDP increased by 7.6 percentage points. Marginal benefit incidence analysis for 2003, 2006, and 2009 suggests that the contribution of cash transfers to the reduction of disposable income inequality and poverty rose markedly between 2006 and 2009 primarily due to the launching of a noncontributory pension program – the pension...
Una de las consecuencias más importantes de la reforma chilena de pensiones realizada a principios de los 80s fue la transferencia de una porción significativa del riesgo asociado al financiamiento de las pensiones, desde el Estado, hacia los afiliados del nuevo sistema obligatorio. En este artículo se desarrolla un marco analítico que permite incorporar el comportamiento del administrador de...
La Reforma Previsional recientemente aprobada introduce una serie de medidas que aumentan la competitividad con que opera la industria de AFP. Este artículo resume el análisis realizado en la elaboración y diseño de tales medidas, partiendo por un diagnóstico acabado del nivel de competencia de la industria de Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones (AFP), y que incluye una descripción de su...
As part of the pension reform recently approved in Chile, the government introduced a centralized auction mechanism to provide the Disability and Survivors (D&S) Insurance that covers recent contributors among the more than 8 million participants in the mandatory private pension system. This paper is intended as a case study presenting the main distortions found in the decentralized operation of...
This study examines the determinants of job-finding rates of unemployment benefit recipients under the Chilean program. This is a unique, innovative program that combines social insurance through a solidarity fund (SF) with self-insurance in the form of unemployment insurance savings accounts (UISAs) - so as to mitigate the moral hazard problem of traditional unemployment insurance programs. Our...
Emerging economies have tried to promote long-term debt because it reduces maturity mismatches and the probability of crises. This paper uses unique evidence from the leading case of Chile to study to what extent domestic institutional investors hold longterm instruments. We compare monthly asset-level portfolios of Chilean institutional investors (mutual funds, pension funds, and insurance...
Este artículo analiza el sistema de multifondos para el caso de Chile, describiendo su evolución desde su creación, en lo que respecta a inversiones, la elección de tipo de fondo por parte de los afiliados, y su composición por tramos de edad. Se describen los aspectos más relevantes de la normativa vigente y se analiza el desempeño de los multifondos durante la crisis financiera. Respecto a este...
