El artículo realiza un análisis de la consideración en la literatura de la salud como determinante del crecimiento económico. Las contribuciones existentes pueden agruparse en tres enfoques. Por un lado, modelos teóricos de crecimiento en los que se incorpora al status de salud como factor clave en el proceso de crecimiento. Por otro lado, modelos de contabilidad del crecimiento en los cuales se...
En este artículo se pretende estudiar la implementación de una herramienta de protección contra el desempleo en Mar del Plata, Argentina. Se lo examina a través de una adaptación del marco liberal igualitario y, después, con base en la propuesta de Roemer, se analiza la significatividad estadística de los tipos definidos en relación a los logros educativos. Finalmente, mediante un modelo logit...
This paper explores the relationship between the inequality of income distribution and the economic growth of 20 Latin American and Caribbean countries during the 1980-2010 period. The study shows that the features of this relationship depend on the income level. In general, inequality is harmful to economic growth. However, when it comes to the upper tail of the richer countries’ income...
El Informe recoge y analiza los principales resultados de un estudio sobre los comportamientos y actitudes de los españoles ante la jubilación y su conocimiento sobre los planes de pensiones. Este estudio ha sido encargado por ING DIRECT a la consultora de investigación de mercado Bufete de Marketing y responde a la intención del banco de conocer cuáles son las necesidades de los consumidores en...
This paper outlines the regulatory framework within which occupational defined benefit pension plans are financed and addresses the challenges facing the funding of such plans. The Appendices include a summary and discussion of the funding regulations in twelve OECD countries plus Brazil – all of which have a long history of DB plans. The paper draws on these experiences in these countries and...
Annuities are specifically designed to cover the risk that an individual outlives their own resources by transferring such risk to an insurance undertaking. Despite an increasing need for annuity products (due to increasing longevity, decreasing state pensions, a rise in Defined Contribution pension plans etc.), these markets remains under-developed in many OECD countries. This paper attempts to...
This paper examines how uncertainty regarding future mortality and life expectancy outcomes, i.e. longevity risk, affects employer-provided defined benefit (DB) private pension plans liabilities. The paper argues that to assess uncertainty and associated risks adequately, a stochastic approach to model mortality and life expectancy is preferable because it permits to attach probabilities to...
Uncertainty about length of life, longevity risk, is a growing financial problem for pension funds and annuity providers. They would like to transfer longevity risk away to institutions better placed to deal with it. Unfortunately, there is a lack of financial instruments to hedge against this longevity risk, thereby complicating risk management by pension funds and hindering the expansion of the...
The issue of pension benefit security has returned to the foreground of both economic and political debate in many OECD countries - following high profile losses of pension benefits due to plan sponsors becoming bankrupt and leaving underfunded pension schemes. Some countries have dealt with pension benefit protection via strong funding rules (the route taken for example by the Dutch authorities)....
Underfunded pension funds are in the same position as other creditors when their sponsoring firm becomes insolvent, having to join the queue claiming the remaining assets of the firm. Arguments for granting pension fund priority rights over other creditors are the same as for introducing pension benefit guarantee schemes – i.e. market failure and diversification. Arguments against such a priority...
