El Informe Nacional sobre Desarrollo Humano (INDH) 2011, titulado “Reducir la inequidad: un desafío impostergable”, está dedicado al análisis de la inequidad en Honduras. Por inequidad se entiende en este Informe, a las desigualdades que se consideran injustas, innecesarias y socialmente remediables. Se consideran inequidades aquellas disparidades que están más allá de la voluntad de las personas...
This paper presents eight financing alternatives, based on policy positions by the United Nations and international financial institutions, and shows that fiscal space for social protection exists even in the poorest countries. Of the eight options, six increase the overall size of a country’s budget: (i) increasing tax revenues; (ii) expanding social security coverage and contributory revenues;...
Este documento presenta los resultados de la Evaluación del Programa de País (CPE, por sus siglas en inglés) del BID con Bolivia para el periodo 2011-2015. Esta es la tercera evaluación independiente del programa del BID con Bolivia. El primer CPE cubrió el periodo 2004-2007, marcado por un proceso de transición política que culminó en el triunfo del Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) en las...
Emerging economies have tried to promote long-term debt because it reduces maturity mismatches and the probability of crises. This paper uses unique evidence from the leading case of Chile to study to what extent domestic institutional investors hold longterm instruments. We compare monthly asset-level portfolios of Chilean institutional investors (mutual funds, pension funds, and insurance...
La introducción del nuevo sistema de seguridad social en 1993 trajo cambios en las relaciones existentes entre las instituciones colombianas. En el sector salud, el nuevo sistema conllevó a la creación de agentes intermediarios, quienes han desarrollado un papel de importancia en la determinación de los flujos económicos del sector y sus participantes. Hasta el momento, pocas investigaciones han...
El artículo realiza un análisis de la consideración en la literatura de la salud como determinante del crecimiento económico. Las contribuciones existentes pueden agruparse en tres enfoques. Por un lado, modelos teóricos de crecimiento en los que se incorpora al status de salud como factor clave en el proceso de crecimiento. Por otro lado, modelos de contabilidad del crecimiento en los cuales se...
This paper explores the relationship between the inequality of income distribution and the economic growth of 20 Latin American and Caribbean countries during the 1980-2010 period. The study shows that the features of this relationship depend on the income level. In general, inequality is harmful to economic growth. However, when it comes to the upper tail of the richer countries’ income...
With rapidly increasing population and growing catastrophe exposure in their countries, many more government leaders (including Presidents, Prime Ministers and Rulers) are now faced with a strategic question: how best develop a national strategy to hedge against the massive economic burden of extreme events that could hit their country tomorrow? We propose a framework to help those leaders in...
The property losses from the Feb 27th 2010 Maule earthquake are assessed as $18.1Bn paid for 38% by insurers, 47% by the Government of Chile and 15% by individuals and businesses. Including $4Bn damage to infrastructure and the costs of lost economic activity the total loss in 2010 values is estimated to have been close to $28Bn. The report considers policy options for expanding the proportion of...
Pension funds are increasingly looking at infrastructure investment with some investors actively pursuing opportunities in the sector. Different countries are at different stages in the evolution of pension fund investment in infrastructure. A survey of a sample of the most significant actors was launched by the OECD in May 2010 within the framework of the OECD Project on Transcontinental...
