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Infantil mortality inequities in Colombia: Progress and challenges after major responsability measures from local authorities
This paper aims to analyse the space and time distribution of the infant mortality rate (IMR) at municipality level in Colombia before and after conferring greater responsibilities to the municipalities for the administration of the local health care systems. Using special econometrics, we find that there is a geographical concentration of IMR persisting over time and defining two groups of...
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Employability and productivity among older workers: a policy frameworks and evidence from Latin America
As Latin American and the Caribbean countries face rapid aging transitions, the economic contribution of older workers would need to be strengthened. This paper uses household data from Brazil and Mexico to characterize labor market behavior of older workers, such as participation, sector and type of employment, and productivity, to identify critical areas for policy intervention. The paper also...
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The effect of the perception of violence on social capital in Mexico
Increasing levels of violence in Mexico, which have the potential to damage the very fabric of 1 society, as well as impact key economic variables, led us to analyze the effect that changes in the perception of violence had on social capital fluctuations (including associative capital) between 2006 and 2011. This was a period in which an anti-violence and anti-organized crime policy was launched...
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Social security pensions and retirement decisions in Mexico
Using Mexican cohort data for 1991-2000 this article examines the relationship between retirement decisions —the transition from work to labor market inactivity— and social security (contributive) pensions in less developed countries. The available large time series also makes possible to examine how a financial crisis that took place in 1995 has affected retirement incentives. In most Latin...
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Promised and actual benefits in mexican social security fot rhe transtion generation
Este artículo presenta un conjunto de mediciones de los costos y beneficios reales del plan general de retiro por jubilación proporcionado a los ciudadanos por parte del Sistema Mexicano de Pensiones (SMP), que son necesarias para evaluar las decisiones de los trabajadores en cuanto a la contribución a la seguridad social (es decir, trabajar en el sector formal) y al retiro. El SMP ofrece dos...
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Review of the 2010 World Health Report. Health system financing
The document that was presented by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2011 sets forth a series of proposals to encourage member countries to achieve universal health coverage. These proposals are presented in detail and are based both on world statistics and case
studies.
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A simple poverty scorecard for Mexico
This study uses Mexico's 2008 National Household Survey of Income and Expenditure to I construct an easy-to-use scorecard that estimates the likelihood that a household has income below a given poverty line. The scorecard uses ten simple indicators that field workers can quickly collect and verify. Poverty scores can be computed on paper in the field in about five to ten minutes. The scorecard's...
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Feasibility analysis of an integrated health system: financial and distributive implications
The document presents spending projections and projections of the distributive incidence for an Integrated Health System under three basic scenarios: status quo, a two pillar scheme (financed through general taxes and private spending) and a three pillar scheme (financed through general taxes, social security contributions and private spending). By presenting these simulations, the study enhances...
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The health insurance reform in the Netherlands and its relevance for Mexico
Alrededor del mundo se observan dos versiones de la organización de los seguros de salud; la seguridad social basada en el empleo, y los servicios nacionales de salud. En Latinoamérica regularmente se usa la primera, pero se está lejos de lograr la cobertura universal. En los Países Bajos encontramos una peculiar mezcla de obligaciones públicas y responsabilidades privadas. La cobertura universal...
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Book review. Violence and social orders: a conceptual framework for interpreting recorded human history, by Douglas C. North, John Joseph Wallis, and Barry R. Weingast
Why societies differ in their level of violence? This is the question addressed by North, Wallis, and Weingast. To provide an answer they must develop a rich theory of how individuals and organizations that compose a human group voluntarily surrender their will to act violently in exchange for participating in a society with improved conditions for the creation and conservation of wealth.
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Book review. The economics of crime: lessons for and from Latina America, by Rafael Di Tella, Sebastian Edwards, and Ernesto Schargrodsky
The Economics of Crime: Lessons for and from Latin America makes an important contribution to the study of crime and violence in Latin America and to the debate about what works for reducing crime (and at what cost?). As the title of the book correctly suggests, the book brings together contributions from Latin American economists on the determinants and consequences of crime, as well as...
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Economic and socio-demographic determinants of crime in Uruguay
This study estimates a panel data model to analyze the economic and socio-demographic determinants of crime in Uruguay across the 19 Uruguayan departments in the period 1986-2006.
This research has two components: i) to present a systematic analysis of the Uruguayan crime data and socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the population, and ii) to evaluate the empirical significance...
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Social capital in labor market access and poverty in Mexico
Social capital, defined as the set of social networks that a person has in order to obtain benefits, is used by the population as a mechanism for providing resources, to cushion shocks in consumption and to obtain information on available employment opportunities. This study employs a logistic model to characterize the manner in which people access the labor market in Mexico through the use of...
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Organizations and social capital
An organization is a group of persons who satisfy established membership requirement and whose form and function are generally acknowledged. An organization's membership requirements may be based on inherited or earned traits. Organizations exist because they provide a setting in which members with similar traits can meet their physical and their socioemotional needs. As the relative importance...
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Crime and labor market, choice under uncertainty model and an application for colombian cities
Este trabajo ofrece un modelo para determinar la función de oferta del crimen con base en la teoría de la elección en condiciones de incertidumbre. Con base en el problema de un agente que maximiza su utilidad sujeto a las restricciones del mercado legal e ilegal, este estudio intenta explicar la oferta de la delincuencia como función de la distribución de los salarios y el equivalente cierto de...
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XLI Reunión del Comité Permanente Interamericano de Seguridad Social. 3 al 7 de noviembre de 1997
Contenido: Discurso / Genaro Borrego Estrada -- El fortalecimiento del sistema de seguridad social mediante la satisfacción de las expectativas de servicio de los ciudadanos: BPS, Uruguay / Presentación del Banco de Previsión Social -- Informe 1997 y Programa 1998 de la Secretaria General de la CISS -- Acta de la XL Reunión del CPISS -- Informe de actividades de 1997 / Comisión Americana de...
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La asignaciones familiares
Texto sobre el régimen de asignaciones familiares de Francia en el que se trata de dar respuesta a las siguientes interrogantes:
¿Por qué motivo han pasado al plano de la actualidad las asignaciones familiares ?
¿ Cuáles son los problemas esenciales que se plantean?
¿ Qué soluciones se han aportado ya?
¿ Cuál es la situación actual de la cuestión ?
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La contribución de la seguridad social a la estabilidad de la familia
El progreso de las medidas tomadas con objeto de desarrollar la educación y de aumentar la salud y el bienestar de la población, los diferentes regímenes, designados actualmente por el término muy general de seguridad social, fueron creados en los Estados Unidos en momentos en los que se trataba de hacer frente a una situación de urgencia o a necesidades bien determinadas de grupos cuya...
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Los aspectos sociales, demográficos y económicos del régimen francés de subsidios 4 familiares
El régitnen francés de subsidios familiares implica a la vez consecuencias de carácter social, demográfico y económico que responden a las preocupaciones que durante un largo período de evolución en que intervinieron criterios diferentes según la época, influenciaron grandemente la institución del régimen que se halla actualmente en vigor, a saber: una preocupación de justicia social, ya que se...
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Xa Asamblea General de la Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social
La X Asamblea general de la Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social se celebró en Viena, del 3 al 7 de julio de 1951. Fué inaugurada solemnemente en la gran sala de recepciones del Ayuntamiento de Viena, bajo la presidencia del Sr. Renato Morelli, Presidente de la A.I.S.S., en presencia del Excmo. Sr. Teodoro Ktirner, Presidente de la República austriaca, del Sr. Karl Maiser, Ministro de...
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